Cognitive Load
Simple isn't about fewer features. It's about less thinking.
What is it?
Cognitive load theory in UX focuses on reducing the mental effort users need to process information and complete tasks. By managing intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load, designers create interfaces that feel effortless even when dealing with complex data.
When to use it
Apply cognitive load principles when designing complex forms, dashboards, data-heavy interfaces, or onboarding flows where users need to learn new concepts.
How to do it
Identify the core task and strip away anything that doesn't support it.
Chunk complex information into smaller, digestible groups.
Use progressive disclosure: show only what's needed at each step.
Leverage recognition over recall: use icons, labels, and familiar patterns.
Test with users and watch for signs of confusion or overwhelm.
Pro tips
Every element on screen competes for attention. Remove what doesn't earn its place.
Defaults are powerful. Pre-fill, pre-select, and suggest whenever possible.